Becoming a commercial truck driver offers unique benefits that may not exist in a typical office job. From working independently on a flexible schedule to traveling across the country, these perks can make for an exciting and fulfilling career path.
This path begins with completing a commercial driving school training program and earning a commercial driver’s license (CDL). The license can open doors to jobs in the field and allows drivers to pursue CDL endorsements that further enhance their skills. It is important to examine these endorsements closely to understand how they can help shape your commercial driving career and lead to a variety of opportunities.
What Is a CDL Endorsement?
A CDL endorsement provides licensed commercial drivers additional qualifications to operate certain types of commercial vehicles. Similar to certifications in other industries, CDL endorsements can demonstrate expertise in a specific area of the profession and enable drivers to take on more specialized trucking positions.
CDL endorsements are issued by the state in which the driver resides. Drivers seeking endorsements must pass a test issued by the state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or Secretary of State office and pay a fee.
6 CDL Endorsements
There are six common types of CDL endorsements, each associated with a specific type of vehicle or cargo. The requirements for earning these endorsements differ by state, and the time needed to complete them can vary as well.
1. H Endorsement
An H endorsement, or HAZMAT (hazardous material) endorsement, allows a driver to operate a vehicle that carries potentially dangerous material, such as flammable and combustible liquids, gas, or explosives. Due to the nature of the freight, this endorsement typically takes longer to earn compared to others. To receive an H endorsement, drivers need to pass a written test, complete a TSA Security Threat Assessment application, provide fingerprints, and pass a background check. An H endorsement can be one of the most challenging CDL endorsements to earn, but also one of the most lucrative.
2. N Endorsement
An N endorsement is a tanker vehicle endorsement. It allows drivers to operate tanker vehicles. These trucks typically haul various liquids, from water and milk to chemicals and gasses. On occasion, they can haul bulk dry goods like grain or sand. Hauling liquids involves special training on safety rules, since liquids present additional driving challenges including a higher center of gravity and movement inside the tank. To receive this endorsement, drivers need to pass a written test.
3. P Endorsement
A P endorsement is a passenger vehicle endorsement that allows a driver to operate a vehicle or bus that seats a specific number of people. The precise number of passengers that can be transported depends on state specifications. Training covers steps such as pre- and post-trip vehicle inspection, vehicle loading, and safety practices. To obtain a P endorsement, drivers need to pass a written and a road test.
4. S Endorsement
School bus drivers need an S endorsement, which is a school bus transport endorsement. These drivers receive training on safely boarding and exiting children from the bus, as well as on managing student riders. In addition to fulfilling the requirements for a P endorsement, drivers need to pass a federal background check.
5. T Endorsement
A T endorsement, also called a double and triple endorsement, allows drivers to tow double or triple trailers. Because this type of vehicle has multiple segments and is more prone to roll-overs, drivers receive training on safe hauling. Individuals need to pass a written test to receive this endorsement. Some states prohibit hauling double or triple trailers, so it is important to make sure your state allows this type of practice.
6. X Endorsement
An X endorsement is a combination endorsement that permits drivers to transport hazardous materials in tanker vehicles. Because hazardous materials are often carried in tank trucks, this endorsement can provide greater flexibility for drivers. Like the other endorsements, drivers need to pass a written test.
CDL Classes
CDLs are categorized into three classes: Class A, Class B, and Class C. These classes determine which types of CDL endorsements a driver may attain.
Class A commercial driver’s licenses are for those who drive tractor-trailers and flatbeds, livestock carriers, tank vehicles, truck and trailer combinations, tractor-trailer buses, and semi-trucks with a flatbed trailer. Class A CDL holders can receive any of the endorsements.
With a Class B CDL, drivers can operate straight trucks, city and tourist passenger buses, segmented buses, school buses, box trucks, dump trucks with a small trailer, and tractor-trailers. Class B CDL holders can obtain all except the T endorsement.
A Class C CDL allows drivers to drive small trucks equipped to transport hazardous materials, passenger vans, and small trucks towing a trailer. Class C CDL holders can obtain only the H, P, and S endorsements.
Drivers can declare which endorsements they intend to pursue when they apply for a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP). Some states may impose limits on the endorsements a driver may have. Generally, the more endorsements a driver holds, the more flexibility they may have in their career options.
Take the Road Toward an Exciting Career
Earning CDL endorsements can help put you in the driver’s seat of your commercial driving career. In addition to creating new professional opportunities, these certifications can give you more flexibility to choose the types of trucking assignments and schedules that suit you best, making a rewarding career even more fulfilling.
If you are considering a career on the road, the Commercial Truck Driver Training Program at the Fortis Institute Scranton, PA campus provides classroom instruction and behind-the-wheel training to prepare you to apply for your commercial driver’s license. Our program is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills you will need to establish yourself as a trusted, in-demand driver.
Discover how Fortis can help you build a strong foundation for success.
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